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Class XI (Theory)
One Paper Time: 3 Hours 70 Marks
1. Diversity in living world 07
2. Structural organization in animals and plants 12
3. Cell: Structure and function 15
4. Plant physiology 18
5. Human Physiology 18
Total 70
I Diversity in Living World (25 Periods)
Diversity of living organisms
Classification of the living organisms (five kingdom classification,
major groups and principles of
classification within each kingdom).
Systematics and binomial System of nomenclature
94
Salient features of animal (non-chordates up to phylum level and
chordates up to class level) and
plant (major groups; Angiosperms up to class) classification,
viruses, viroids, lichens Botanical
gardens, herbaria, zoological parks and museums.
II Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants (30 Periods)
Tissues in animals and plants.
Morphology, anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering
plants: Root, stem, leaf,
inflorescence, flower, fruit and seed.
Morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems of an annelid
(earthworm), an insect
(cockroach) and an amphibian (frog).
III CELL: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION (40 Periods)
Cell: Cell theory; Prokanyotic and encaryotic cell, cell wall, cell
membrane and cell organelles’
(plastids, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies/dictyosomes,
ribosomes, lysosomes,
vacuoles, centrioles) and nuclear organization.
Mitosis, meiosis, cell cycle.
Basic chemical constituents of living bodies.
Structure and functions of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and
nucleic acids.
Enzymes: types, properties and function.
IV Plant Physiology (40 Periods)
Movement of water, food, nutrients and gases, Plants and Water
Mineral nutrition,
Respiration, Photosynthesis, Plant growth and development.
V Human Physiology (45 Periods)
Digestion and absorption.
Breathing and respiration.
Body fluids and circulation.
Excretory products and elimination.
Locomotion and movement.
Neural control and coordination,
chemical coordination and regulation.
Practicals
Time: 3 Hours Marks : 30 60 Periods
1. Experiments and spotting 20 marks
2. Record of one investigatory project and Viva based on the project
5 marks
3. Class record and Viva based on experiments 5 marks
30 marks
95
A. List of Experiments
1. Study and describe three locally available common flowering
plants from each of the
following families (Solanaceae, Fabaceae and Liliaceae) Types of
root (tap or adventitious),
stem (herbaceous/woody) leaf arrangement/shapes/venation/simple or
compound).
2. Preparation and study of T.S. of dicot and monocot roots and
stems (primary).
3. Study of osmosis by potato osmometer.
4. Study of plasmolysis in epidermal peels (e.g. Rhoeo leaves).
5. Study of distribution of stomata in the upper and lower surface
of leaves.
6. Comparative study of the rates of transpiration in the upper and
lower surface of leaves.
7. Test for the presence of sugar, starch, proteins and fats. To
detect them in suitable plant
and animal materials.
8. Separate plant pigments through paper chromatography.
9. To study the rate of respiration in flower buds and germinating
seeds.
10. To study effect of salivary amalyse on starch.
11. To test the presence of urea, sugar, albumin and bile salts in
urine.
B. Study/observation of the following (spotting)
1. Study parts of a compound microscope.
2. Study of the specimens and identification with reasons-Bacteria,
Oscillatoria, Spirogyra,
Rhizopus, Mushroom, Yeast, Liverwort, Moss, Fern, Pines, one
monocotyledon and one
dicotyledon and one lichen.
3. Study of specimens and identification with reasons-Amoeba, Hydra,
Liverfluke, Ascaris,
Leech, Earthworm, Prawn, Silkworm, Honeybee, Snail, Starfish, Shark,
Rohu, Frog,
Lizard, Pigeon and Rabbit.
4. Study of tissues and diversity in shapes and sizes of plant and
animal cells (e.g. palisade
cells, guard cells, parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma, xylem,
phloem, squamous
epithelium, muscle fibres and mammalian blood smear) through
temporary/permanent slides.
5. Study of mitosis in onion root tip cells and animals cells
(grasshopper) from permanent
slides.
6. Study of different modifications in root, stem and leaves.
7. Study and identify different types of inflorescences.
8. Study of imbibition in seeds/raisins.
9. Observation and comments on the experimental set up on:
a. Anaerobic respiration
b. Phototropism
c. Apical bud removal
d. Suction due to transpiration
96
10. To study human skeleton and different types of joints.
11. Study of external morphology of earthworm, cockroach and frog
through models/
preserved specimens.
Recommended Textbooks
A text book in Biology, Published by NCERT
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